Characteristics and Application Analysis of Laser Welding Machine

Laser welding is one of the important aspects of the application of laser material processing technology. Due to its unique advantages, laser welding has been successfully used in the precision welding of micro and small parts. The emergence of high-power CO2 and high-power YAG lasers has opened up a new field of laser welding. Deep melting welding based on the pinhole effect has been increasingly widely used in industrial fields such as machinery, automobiles, and steel.

a picture of Characteristics and Application Analysis of Laser Welding Machine

.Laser welding has the following main advantages:

1.Fast speed, deep depth, and small deformation:

Laser welding machine is extremely fast, can achieve deep melting welding. It has small welding deformation, which is suitable for high-precision and high-demand welding tasks.

2.It can weld refractory materials:

Such as titanium, quartz and other materials, and can weld heterogeneous materials with good welding effect. This provides the possibility for the application of many special materials.

3.Micro welding can be performed:

After focusing, the laser beam can obtain a very small spot and can be accurately positioned. It is suitable for mass automated production of micro and small workpieces, such as electronic components and micromechanical devices.

4.Strong adaptability:

Laser welding machine can be performed at room temperature or under special conditions, and the welding equipment is simple. For example, the laser beam will not deviate when passing through an electromagnetic field; the laser can be welded in a vacuum, air, and a certain gas environment, and can even weld through glass or materials that are transparent to the beam.

5.High power density:

The power density of the laser is extremely high after focusing. When welding high-power devices, the depth-to-width ratio can reach 5:1 and up to 10:1. This makes laser welding have great advantages in deep melting welding.

6.Simultaneous processing of multiple beams:

The laser beam can easily realize the beam splitting by time and space, and can perform simultaneous processing of multiple beams and multi-station processing, greatly improving production efficiency.

7.Long-distance non-contact welding:

Laser welding can perform non-contact long-distance welding on inaccessible parts, with great flexibility. Especially in recent years, with the application of optical fiber transmission technology, laser welding technology has been more widely promoted and applied.

a picture of Long-distance non-contact welding

.Application Fields of Laser Welding

1.Powder metallurgy field

Due to its special properties and manufacturing advantages, powder metallurgy materials have gradually replaced traditional smelting materials in the automobile, aircraft, and tool manufacturing industries. However, the connection problem between powder metallurgy materials and other parts has always been a limiting factor in its application. In the early 1980s, laser welding entered the field of powder metallurgy material processing. For example, the use of laser welding diamond can improve welding strength and high temperature resistance, solving the problem of low bonding strength of traditional brazing methods.

2.Application in the electronics industry

Laser welding has been widely used in the electronics industry, especially in the microelectronics industry. Due to the small heat-affected zone, rapid heating concentration, and low thermal stress of laser welding, it shows unique advantages in the packaging of integrated circuits and semiconductor device shells.

For example, in the manufacture of vacuum devices, laser welding is used to connect molybdenum focusing electrodes with stainless steel support rings, fast-heating cathode filament assemblies and other components. In addition, the elastic thin-walled corrugated sheets in sensors or thermostats are extremely thin (0.05-0.1mm), which are difficult to weld using traditional welding methods, but laser welding can solve this problem.

3.Manufacturing Applications

Laser welding technology has been widely used in automobile manufacturing abroad. According to statistics, in 2000, there were more than 100 laser welding production lines for cut blanks worldwide, with an annual output of 70 million pieces of welded blanks for car components, and it continued to grow at a high rate. Domestically produced imported models such as Passat, Buick, Audi, etc. also use some cut blank structures.

4.Biomedical field

Laser welding of biological tissues began in the 1970s. Domestic and foreign research on laser welding nerves mainly focuses on laser wavelength, dose and its effect on functional recovery and the selection of laser solders. Compared with traditional suturing methods, laser welding has the advantages of fast welding speed, no foreign body reaction during the healing process, and maintaining the mechanical properties of the welding part.

5.Automobile Industry Applications

Laser welding production lines have appeared on a large scale in the automobile manufacturing industry, becoming one of the outstanding achievements of the industry. For example, Audi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen in Germany and Volvo in Sweden began to use laser welding of roofs, bodies and side frames as early as the 1980s. In the 1990s, General Motors, Ford and Chrysler in the United States also introduced laser welding into automobile manufacturing. Although it started late, it developed rapidly.

a picture of Automobile Industry Applications

Final Thoughts

In summary, laser welding technology has become an indispensable and important technology in modern manufacturing and processing industries with its unique advantages and broad application prospects. With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of application fields, laser welding will play a more important role in future industrial development.